NAME

Net::FastCGI::Protocol - Provides functions to build and parse FastCGI messages.

SYNOPSIS

    # FCGI_Header
    $octets = build_header($type, $request_id, $content_length, $padding_length);
    @values = parse_header($octets);
    $header = parse_header($octets);
    
    # FCGI_BeginRequestBody
    $octets = build_begin_request_body($role, $flags);
    @values = parse_begin_request_body($octets);
    
    # FCGI_EndRequestBody
    $octets = build_end_request_body($app_status, $protocol_status);
    @values = parse_end_request_body($octets);
    
    # FCGI_UnknownTypeBody
    $octets = build_unknown_type_body($type);
    @values = parse_unknown_type_body($octets);
    
    # FCGI_BeginRequestRecord
    $octets = build_begin_request_record($request_id, $role, $flags);
    
    # FCGI_EndRequestRecord
    $octets = build_end_request_record($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status);
    
    # FCGI_UnknownTypeRecord
    $octets = build_unknown_type_record($type);
    
    # FCGI_NameValuePair's
    $octets = build_params($params);
    $params = parse_params($octets);
    $bool   = check_params($octets);
    
    # FCGI_Record
    $octets = build_record($type, $request_id);
    $octets = build_record($type, $request_id, $content);
    @values = parse_record($octets);
    $record = parse_record($octets);
    $record = parse_record_body($type, $request_id, $content);
    
    # FCGI_Record Debugging / Tracing
    $string = dump_record($octets);
    $string = dump_record_body($type, $request_id, $content);
    
    # FCGI_Record Stream
    $octets = build_stream($type, $request_id, $content);
    $octets = build_stream($type, $request_id, $content, $terminate);
    
    # Begin Request
    $octets = build_begin_request($request_id, $role, $flags, $params);
    $octets = build_begin_request($request_id, $role, $flags, $params, $stdin);
    $octets = build_begin_request($request_id, $role, $flags, $params, $stdin, $data);
    
    # End Request
    $octets = build_end_request($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status);
    $octets = build_end_request($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status, $stdout);
    $octets = build_end_request($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status, $stdout, $stderr);

DESCRIPTION

Provides functions to build and parse FastCGI messages.

FUNCTIONS

Please note that all functions in this package expects octets, not unicode strings. It's the callers responsibility to ensure this. If any of theese functions is called with unicode strings containing code points above 255, they will most likely produce malformed messages.

build_begin_request

Builds a Begin Request message.

Usage

    $octets = build_begin_request($request_id, $role, $flags, $params);
    $octets = build_begin_request($request_id, $role, $flags, $params, $stdin);
    $octets = build_begin_request($request_id, $role, $flags, $params, $stdin, $data);

Arguments

$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer. Identifier of the request.
$role: An unsigned 16-bit integer. This should be set to either "FCGI_RESPONDER", "FCGI_AUTHORIZER" or "FCGI_FILTER".
$flags: An unsigned 8-bit integer. This should be set to either 0 or contain the mask "FCGI_KEEP_CONN" if a persistent connection is desired.
$params: A hash reference containing name-value pairs. This is the CGI environ that the application expects.
$stdin (optional): A string of octets containing the "FCGI_STDIN" content. This should only be provided if $role is set to either "FCGI_RESPONDER" or "FCGI_FILTER". The "FCGI_STDIN" stream is terminated if provided.
$data (optional): A string of octets containing the "FCGI_DATA" content. This should only be provided if $role is set to "FCGI_FILTER". The "FCGI_DATA" stream is terminated if provided.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the message.

build_begin_request_body

Builds a "FCGI_BeginRequestBody".

Usage

    $octets = build_begin_request_body($role, $flags);

Arguments

$role: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$flags: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the body. String is 8 octets in length.

build_begin_request_record

Builds a "FCGI_BeginRequestRecord".

Usage

    $octets = build_begin_request_record($request_id, $role, $flags);

Arguments

$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$role: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$flags: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the record. String is 16 octets in length.

build_end_request

Builds a End Request message

Usage

    $octets = build_end_request($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status);
    $octets = build_end_request($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status, $stdout);
    $octets = build_end_request($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status, $stdout, $stderr);

Arguments

$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer. Identifier of the request.
$app_status: An unsigned 32-bit integer. Application status code of the request.
$protocol_status: An unsigned 8-bit integer. This should be set to either "FCGI_REQUEST_COMPLETE", "FCGI_CANT_MPX_CONN", "FCGI_OVERLOADED" or "FCGI_UNKNOWN_ROLE".
$stdout (optional): A string of octets containing the "FCGI_STDOUT" content. The "FCGI_STDOUT" stream is terminated if provided.
$stderr (optional): A string of octets containing the "FCGI_STDERR" content. The "FCGI_STDERR" stream is terminated if provided.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the message.

Note

This function is equivalent to "build_end_request_record()" if called without $stdout and $stderr.

build_end_request_body

Builds a "FCGI_EndRequestBody".

Usage

    $octets = build_end_request_body($app_status, $protocol_status);

Arguments

$app_status: An unsigned 32-bit integer.
$protocol_status: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the body. String is 8 octets in length.

build_end_request_record

Builds a "FCGI_EndRequestRecord".

Usage

    $octets = build_end_request_record($request_id, $app_status, $protocol_status);

Arguments

$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$app_status: An unsigned 32-bit integer.
$protocol_status: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the record. String is 16 octets in length.

build_header

Builds a "FCGI_Header".

Usage

    $octets = build_header($type, $request_id, $content_length, $padding_length);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.
$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$content_length: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$padding_length: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the header. String is 8 octets in length.

build_params

Builds "FCGI_NameValuePair"'s.

Usage

    $octets = build_params($params);

Arguments

$params: A hash reference containing name-value pairs.

Returns

$octets

build_record

Builds a "FCGI_Record".

Usage

    $octets = build_record($type, $request_id);
    $octets = build_record($type, $request_id, $content);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.
$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$content (optional): A string of octets containing the content, cannot exceed 65535 octets in length.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the record.

Note

Follows the recommendation in specification and pads the record by 8-(content_length mod 8) zero-octets.

build_stream

Builds a series of stream records.

Usage

    $octets = build_stream($type, $request_id, $content);
    $octets = build_stream($type, $request_id, $content, $terminate);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.
$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$content: A string of octets containing the stream content.
$terminate (optional): A boolean indicating whether or not the stream should be terminated. Defaults to false.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the stream.

Note

Stream is not terminated if $content is empty unless $terminate is set.

$content is split in segment sizes of 32760 octets (32768 - FCGI_HEADER_LEN).

build_unknown_type_body

Builds a "FCGI_UnknownTypeBody".

Usage

    $octets = build_unknown_type_body($type);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the body. String is 8 octets in length.

build_unknown_type_record

Builds a "FCGI_UnknownTypRecord".

Usage

    $octets = build_unknown_type_record($type);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$octets: A string of octets containing the record. String is 16 octets in length.

check_params

Determine whether or not params is well-formed.

Usage

    $boolean = check_params($octets);

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing "FCGI_NameValuePair"'s.

Returns

$boolean: A boolean indicating whether or not $octets consist of well-formed "FCGI_NameValuePair"'s.

dump_record

Dump a "FCGI_Record".

Usage

    $string = dump_record($octets);

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing at least one record.

Returns

$string: A short (less than 100 characters) string representation of the record in printable US-ASCII.

dump_record_body

Dump a "FCGI_Record".

Usage

    $string = dump_record_body($type, $request_id);
    $string = dump_record_body($type, $request_id, $content);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.
$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$content (optional): A string of octets containing the content.

Returns

$string: A short (less than 100 characters) string representation of the record in printable US-ASCII.

parse_begin_request_body

Parses a "FCGI_BeginRequestBody".

Usage

    ($role, $flags) = parse_begin_request_body($octets);

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing the body, must be greater than or equal to 8 octets in length.

Returns

$role: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$flags: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

parse_end_request_body

Parses a "FCGI_EndRequestBody".

Usage

    ($app_status, $protocol_status) = parse_end_request_body($octets);

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing the body, must be greater than or equal to 8 octets in length.

Returns

$app_status: An unsigned 32-bit integer.
$flags: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

parse_header

Parses a "FCGI_Header".

Usage

    ($type, $request_id, $content_length, $padding_length)
      = parse_header($octets);
    
    $header = parse_header($octets);
    say $header->{type};
    say $header->{request_id};
    say $header->{content_length};
    say $header->{padding_length};

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing the header, must be greater than or equal to 8 octets in length.

Returns

In list context:

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.
$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$content_length: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$padding_length: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

In scalar context a hash reference containing above variable names as keys.

parse_params

Parses "FCGI_NameValuePair"'s.

Usage

    $params = parse_params($octets);

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing "FCGI_NameValuePair"'s.

Returns

$params: A hash reference containing name-value pairs.

parse_record

Parses a "FCGI_Record".

Usage

    ($type, $request_id, $content)
      = parse_record($octets);
    $record = parse_record($octets);
    say $record->{type};
    say $record->{request_id};

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing at least one record.

Returns

In list context:

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.
$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$content: A string of octets containing the record content.

In scalar context a hash reference containing the "FCGI_Record" components. See "parse_record_body".

parse_record_body

Parses a "FCGI_Record".

Usage

    $record = parse_record_body($type, $request_id, $content);
    say $record->{type};
    say $record->{request_id};

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.
$request_id: An unsigned 16-bit integer.
$content: A string of octets containing the record content.

Returns

A hash reference which represents the "FCGI_Record". The content depends on the type of record. All record types have the keys: "type" and "request_id".

"FCGI_BEGIN_REQUEST"

"role": An unsigned 16-bit integer.
"flags": An unsigned 8-bit integer.

"FCGI_END_REQUEST"

"app_status": An unsigned 32-bit integer.
"protocol_status": An unsigned 8-bit integer.

"FCGI_PARAMS"
"FCGI_STDIN"
"FCGI_DATA"
"FCGI_STDOUT"
"FCGI_STDERR"

"content": A string of octets containing the content of the stream.

"FCGI_GET_VALUES"
"FCGI_GET_VALUES_RESULT"

"values": A hash reference containing name-value pairs.

"FCGI_UNKNOWN_TYPE"

"unknown_type": An unsigned 8-bit integer.

parse_unknown_type_body

Parses a "FCGI_UnknownTypeBody".

Usage

    $type = parse_unknown_type_body($octets);

Arguments

$octets: $octets must be greater than or equal to 8 octets in length.

Returns

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

get_record_length

Usage

    $length = get_record_length($octets);

Arguments

$octets: A string of octets containing at least one "FCGI_Header".

Returns

$length: An unsigned integer containing the length of record in octets. If $octets contains insufficient octets "(< FCGI_HEADER_LEN)" 0 is returned.

get_type_name

Usage

    $name = get_type_name($type);
    $name = get_type_name(FCGI_BEGIN_REQUEST);  # 'FCGI_BEGIN_REQUEST'
    $name = get_type_name(255);                 # '0xFF'

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$name: A string containing the name of the type. If $type is not a known v1.0 type, a hexadecimal value is returned.

Note

See also ":name" in Net::FastCGI::Constant.

get_role_name

Usage

    $name = get_role_name($type);
    $name = get_role_name(FCGI_RESPONDER);  # 'FCGI_RESPONDER'
    $name = get_role_name(65535);           # '0xFFFF'

Arguments

$role: An unsigned 16-bit integer.

Returns

$name: A string containing the name of the role. If $role is not a known v1.0 role, a hexadecimal value is returned.

Note

See also ":name" in Net::FastCGI::Constant.

get_protocol_status_name

Usage

    $name = get_protocol_status_name($protocol_status);
    $name = get_protocol_status_name(FCGI_REQUEST_COMPLETE);    # 'FCGI_REQUEST_COMPLETE'
    $name = get_protocol_status_name(255);                      # '0xFF'

Arguments

$protocol_status: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$name: A string containing the name of the protocol status. If $protocol_status is not a known v1.0 protocol status code, a hexadecimal value is returned.

Note

See also ":name" in Net::FastCGI::Constant.

is_known_type

Usage

    $boolean = is_known_type($type);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$boolean: A boolean indicating whether or not $type is a known FastCGI v1.0 type.

is_management_type

Usage

    $boolean = is_management_type($type);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$boolean: A boolean indicating whether or not $type is a management type.

is_discrete_type

Usage

    $boolean = is_discrete_type($type);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$boolean: A boolean indicating whether or not $type is a discrete type.

is_stream_type

Usage

    $boolean = is_stream_type($type);

Arguments

$type: An unsigned 8-bit integer.

Returns

$boolean: A boolean indicating whether or not $type is a stream type.

EXPORTS

None by default. All functions can be exported using the ":all" tag or individually.

DIAGNOSTICS

(F) Usage: %s: Subroutine called with wrong number of arguments.
(F) Invalid Argument: %s
(F) FastCGI: Insufficient number of octets to parse %s
(F) FastCGI: Malformed record %s
(F) FastCGI: Protocol version mismatch (0x%.2X)

AUTHOR

Christian Hansen "chansen@cpan.org"

COPYRIGHT

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.